method of refining nickel

Physics. NCERT P Bahadur IIT-JEE Previous Year Narendra Awasthi MS Chauhan. In this process, the ore is mixed with special reagents and agitated by mechanical and pneumatic devices that produce air bubbles. Electric furnaces rated at 45 to 50 megavolt-amperes and operating at 1,360 ° to 1,610 °C (2,480 ° to 2,930 °F) are standard in modern laterite nickel smelters. Describe a method for refining nickel. Compact mining equipment that’s cost-effective and stands up to the test of time has positively impacted mining efficiency and production. 1 See answer Chromatography method for refining - definition. One process is the ammonia pressure leach, in which nickel is recovered from solution using hydrogen reduction, and the sulfur is recovered as ammonium sulfate for use as fertilizer. From tools to technology, mining has evolved from near-primitive methods to a highly advanced, technology-based process allowing us to increase nickel production ten times over. - 6203052 1. In the next step, iron in the matte is converted to an oxide, which combines with a silica flux to form a slag. 6H 2 O crystals from the bleed stream.
(iii) What is the role of coke in the extraction of iron from its oxides? One process is the ammonia pressure leach, in which nickel is recovered from solution using hydrogen reduction, and the sulfur is recovered as ammonium sulfate for use as fertilizer. If you are on a personal connection, like at home, you can run an anti-virus scan on your device to make sure it is not infected with malware. A-1, Acharya Nikatan, Mayur Vihar, Phase-1, Central Market, New Delhi-110091 Fluid bed roasting and a chlorine-hydrogen reduction will produce high grade nickel oxides (95%+ nickel). Solution for Name the method used for the refining of Nickel metal. This is done in electrolytic cells equipped with diaphragm compartments to prevent the passage of impurities from anode to cathode. Performance & security by Cloudflare, Please complete the security check to access. In another, the matte may be roasted to produce high-grade nickel oxides; these are subjected to a pressure leach, and the solution is electro- and carbonyl refined. A method of refining scrap of a high-melting-point metal alloy, especially a copper-nickel alloy, in which the scrap is heated in vacuo to a temperature lower than the smelting point of the scrap, at which impurities, e.g. Loading... Close. Log in. Various processes are used to treat nickel matte. If you are at an office or shared network, you can ask the network administrator to run a scan across the network looking for misconfigured or infected devices. PragyaTbia PragyaTbia 16.10.2018 Chemistry Secondary School +10 pts. The specific processes taken depend on whether the ore is a sulfide or a laterite. Copper, sulfur, and precious metals remain in the residue and are treated separately. Answer of Describe a method for refining nickel. This is done in a rotating converter of the type used in copper production. In this process nickel is heated in a steam of carbon monoxide, which yields in the formation of nickel carbonyl. Join now. Many metals like copper, zinc, tin, lead, nickel, silver, gold are refined electrolytically.. For the refining of an impure metal by electrolysis: nickel nickel production methods from pentlandite o ide ores Production and use There are two commercial classes of nickel ore the sulfide ores (pentlandite and pyrrhotite) and the silicate-oxide. These are carried out in large rotary-kiln furnaces. Describe a method for refining nickel. NaOH to form sodium aluminate and leaving impurities behind. Drying of moisture and removal of the chemically bound water are therefore major operations. A method for refining nickel 2 See answers krish78619 krish78619 Explanation: Mond's process is the method used for refining of nickel metal. Vapor processes, such as the carbonyl process, can be used to produce high purity nickel pellets. Metal should form a volatile compound with a suitable reagent. process of isolation of elements; class-12; Share It On Facebook Twitter Email. In this process, nickel is heated in a steam of carbon monoxide to form volatile nickel carbonyl Ni(CO)4. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. NCERT NCERT Exemplar NCERT Fingertips Errorless Vol … Nickel carbonyl is a very toxic and volatile vapour that, after purification, is decomposed on pure nickel pellets to produce nickel shot. Chemistry. Sulfide ores are crushed and ground in order to liberate nickel minerals from the waste materials by selective flotation. They are then separated from the mother liquor in a centrifuge, and dried and bagged for shipment. The range of process options is limited by the nature of the ore. Oxide ores, on the other hand, do not produce the same reaction heats, making necessary the use of energy from other sources for smelting. ... at th e de tec tion lim it o f analytic al methods. Search. NICKEL : Nickel is recuperated by extractive metallurgy. Describe a method for refining nickel. Please enable Cookies and reload the page. Next, it is necessary to reduce the oxide to nickel metal. • Because some nickel-bearing sulfides are magnetic, magnetic separators can be used in place of, or in conjunction with, flotation. (i) Name the method of refining of nickel. (ii) What is the role of cryolite in the ... role of limestone in the extraction of iron from its oxides Ask your question. Join now. This video is unavailable. It is also known as Mond process. Outotec® Nickel Flash Smelting Process is a benchmark nickel-smelting method and a clear global leader in the world’s primary nickel production from sulfide raw materials. In addition, they contain large amounts of water (in the range of 35 to 40 percent) as moisture and chemically bound in the form of hydroxides. Contents1 Purification or refining of Metals1.1 1) Distillation1.2 2) Liquation1.3 3) Electrolytic refining1.4 4) Zone Refining1.5 5) Vapour Phase Refining1.6 6) Van Arkel Method1.7 7) Chromatographic Method Purification or refining of Metals The metal obtained by any of the above methods is usually impure and is known as crude metal. Britannica now has a site just for parents. The slag is drawn off, leaving a matte of 70 to 75 percent nickel. A side-blown copper-nickel matte converter. It is the selective distribution of the components of a mixture between the two phases: moving phase and stationary phase. What is the name of this process? Books. Log in. 1 Answer +1 vote . Though carbonyl refining is an efficient method of producing high-purity nickel pellets and powders and requires little labor, it has disadvantages like the use of toxic and explosive gas and the need for a hydrometallurgical plant of recovering the nickel and by-products—metals. The waste material, or tailings, is frequently run through a second cleaning step before it is discarded. Refining The process of purifying impure metal is called refining of metal.. Describe a method for refining nickel. Refining of nickel by chemical-solidification methods The optimum set of chemical-solidification operations for the production of high-purity nickel is determined. Then, the obtained nickel tetracarbonyl is decomposed by subjecting it to a higher temperature (450 - 470 K) to obtain pure nickel metal. Method used for refining of nickel metal is Mond’s process. The yield of refined metallic nickel is 65–70%. Completing the CAPTCHA proves you are a human and gives you temporary access to the web property. There is a method of refining of copper and Nickel from copper-Nickel alloys adopted for the prototype (Baibakov Y. C., Zhurin A. I. Electrolysis in hydrometallurgy): Metallurgizdat, 1963, pp. 213, 214). For example, Nickel is refined using this method. Therefore, the crude metal is […]
(ii) In the extraction of Al, impure is dissolved in conc. In electrorefining, the nickel is deposited onto pure nickel cathodes from sulfate or chloride solutions. This method is based on the principle of selective adsorption of the components of a mixture. Being free of sulfur, laterite nickel deposits do not cause a pollution problem as do the sulfide ores, but they do require substantial energy input, and their mining can have a detrimental effect on the environment (e.g., soil erosion). Skip navigation Sign in. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. The majority sulfide ores have conservatively been processed utilizing pyrometallurgical techniques to fabricate a matte for more refining. Efficiency and improved environmental and in-plant hygiene have been the guiding principles in developing the process. Nickel refining Various processes are used to refine nickel matte. In this process, copper and precious metals remain as a Dryers 50 metres long and 5.5 metres in diameter are common, while reduction kilns 5 to 6 metres in diameter and more than 100 metres long are required to handle the large tonnages of ore and to provide the necessary retention time. REFINING OF NICKEL BY CHEMICAL–SOLIDIFICATION METHODS 613 sen to exclude the reduction of nickel chloride near the quartz diaphragm, since it can result in the clog ging of the hole with reduced nickel and termination of the reduction. Nickel requires higher smelting temperatures (in the range of 1,350 °C [2,460 °F]) in order to produce an artificial nickel-iron sulfide known as matte, which contains 25 to 45 percent nickel. The high magnesia content in most laterite ores and the liquidus temperature of the furnace products necessitate these higher smelting temperatures, which in turn make necessary an extensive system of cooling blocks within the refractory lining of the furnace. Watch Queue Queue. The major differences in equipment are the use of higher-temperature refractories and the increased cooling required to accommodate the higher operating temperatures in nickel production. In carbonyl refining, carbon monoxide is passed through the matte, yielding nickel and iron carbonyls [Ni(CO)4 and Fe(CO)5]. Nickel concentrates may be leached with sulfuric acid or ammonia, or they may be dried and smelted in flash and bath processes, as is the case with copper. answered May 20, 2019 by Anik (70.8k points) selected May 21, 2019 by Vikash Kumar . For refining nickel, column chromatography is used. At the first stage, initial metallic nickel is subjected to zone chlorination. Sulfide deposits are usually mined by underground techniques in a manner similar to copper, although some deposits have been mined using open pits in the early stages. Describe the method of refining of nickel. 1. As these rise through the mixture, the sulfide particles adhere to their surfaces and are collected as a concentrate containing 6 to 12 percent nickel. Being oxides, laterites are not amenable to conventional concentration processes, so that large tonnages must be smelted. Because the conversion of nickel sulfide directly to metal would require an extremely high temperature (in excess of 1,600 °C [2,910 °F]), the removal of sulfur at this stage of the converting process is controlled in order to produce the 70–75 percent nickel matte, which has a lower melting point. In some plants, sufficient sulfur is added to produce a furnace matte that can be further processed like matte from a sulfide smelter. With nickel found in two radically different types of ore, it is not surprising that the mining methods differ. You may need to download version 2.0 now from the Chrome Web Store. Method of electrolytic refining rough Nickel, including electrolysis with soluble anodes of rough Nickel, cleaning solutions from impurities, deficit reduction of Nickel in the electrolyte, characterized in that to compensate for the deficiency of Nickel in the electrolyte used solution from the leaching of secondary materials containing Nickel, cobalt and other metals, the sulfate-chloride electrolyte to the first stage … On the other hand, the relatively high ratio of sulfur (a major pollutant) to nickel in most nickel concentrates increases the burden of sulfur containment in the smelters. The extraction of nickel from ore follows much the same route as copper, and indeed, in a number of cases, similar processes and equipment are used. In this process, nickel is heated in the presence of carbon monoxide to form nickel tetracarbonyl, which is a volatile complex. NCERT DC Pandey Sunil Batra HC Verma Pradeep Errorless. Best answer. Cloudflare Ray ID: 6158bd4d5cfd4c97 Nickel is refined by Mond's process. • The method for refining nickel involves the following: Ni is heated with C O to form volatile nickel tetracarbonyl. Biology. The volatile compound should easily decompose so that the recovery of the metal is easy. 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 74 239000010950 nickel Substances 0.000 title description 74 Method of producing pure nickel by electrolytic refining The most important and most widely used method for refining impure metals is called electrolytic refining.. N i + 4 C O 3 3 0 − 3 5 0 K N i ( C O ) 4 In the case of sulfides, the reaction of oxygen with iron and sulfur in the ore supplies a portion of the heat required for smelting. Your IP: 146.185.145.201 Latest advances in hydrometallurgy have effected in current nickel processing maneuvers being built-up using these processes. The refining of metallic nickel ends in the growth of high-purity nickel single crystals using crucibleless electron-beam zone melting. Answer. (i) Name the method of refining of metals such as Germanium. In another, the matte may be roasted to produce high-grade nickel oxides; these are subjected to a pressure leach, and the solution is electro- and carbonyl refined. Another way to prevent getting this page in the future is to use Privacy Pass. Describe a method for refining nickel. Answered Describe a method for refining nickel. In cases such as the Sudbury deposit, where the copper content of the ore is almost equal to that of nickel, the concentrate is subjected to a second selective flotation whereby the copper is floated to produce a low-nickel copper concentrate and a separate nickel concentrate, each to be processed in its respective smelting line. However, the majority of laterite smelters produce a crude ferronickel, which, after refining to remove impurities such as silicon, carbon, and phosphorus, is marketed as an alloying agent in steel manufacture. Vol … refining the process of purifying impure metal is Mond ’ s and... Not amenable to conventional concentration processes, such as the carbonyl process, copper precious! To zone chlorination drying of moisture and removal of the components of a mixture between the two:! Special reagents and agitated by mechanical and pneumatic devices that produce air.! ( iii ) What is the selective distribution of the chemically bound water are therefore operations. Nickel cathodes from sulfate or chloride solutions have effected in current nickel processing maneuvers being built-up using these.... ( 70.8k points ) selected May 21, 2019 by Vikash Kumar some nickel-bearing sulfides magnetic... Web property your inbox ( iii ) What is the role of coke in the presence of monoxide. 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