Alabama uses partisan elections to select judges. Members of the nine seats on the Supreme Court of Alabama[230] and all ten seats on the state appellate courts are elected to office. Until 1994, no Republicans held any of the court seats. It has a fairly shallow cup with, if your lucky, up to seven pale blue eggs. Last week's posts at Moon of Alabama:. Summers in Alabama are among the hottest in the U.S., with high temperatures averaging over 90 °F (32 °C) throughout the summer in some parts of the state. The Talladega Superspeedway motorsports complex hosts a series of NASCAR events. [146], In a 2007 survey, nearly 70% of respondents could name all four of the Christian Gospels. This collection clearly illustrates the abilities of a synthetic opal manufacturer. [60][61] Reflecting this emigration, the population growth rate in Alabama (see "historical populations" table below) dropped by nearly half from 1910 to 1920. Occasionally, thunderstorms are severe with frequent lightning and large hail; the central and northern parts of the state are most vulnerable to this type of storm. In the U.S. House of Representatives, the state is represented by seven members, six of whom are Republicans: (Bradley Byrne, Mike D. Rogers, Robert Aderholt, Morris J. Brooks, Martha Roby, and Gary Palmer) and one Democrat: Terri Sewell who represents the Black Belt as well as most of the predominantly black portions of Birmingham, Tuscaloosa and Montgomery. The peak season for tornadoes varies from the northern to southern parts of the state. There are about 50,000 deaths worldwide from venomous snake bites reported each year. [80] The state ranges in elevation from sea level[81] at Mobile Bay to nearly half a mile in the northeast, to wit Mount Cheaha[80] at 2,413 ft (735 m). In the 1980 census, 41% of the people in Alabama identified as being of English ancestry, making them the largest ethnic group at the time. [111][112], The United States Census Bureau estimates the population of Alabama was 4,903,185 on July 1, 2019,[114] which represents an increase of 123,440 or 2.58%, since the 2010 Census. [14] The suggestion that "Alabama" was borrowed from the Choctaw language is unlikely. Through the legislative delegations, the Alabama legislature kept control of county governments. By 1903 only 2,980 African Americans were registered in Alabama, although at least 74,000 were literate. [248], According to the 2011 U.S. News & World Report, Alabama had three universities ranked in the top 100 Public Schools in America (University of Alabama at 31, Auburn University at 36, and University of Alabama at Birmingham at 73). [43][44] Part of the frontier in the 1820s and 1830s, its constitution provided for universal suffrage for white men. A 1960 study noted that because of rural domination, "a minority of about 25% of the total state population is in majority control of the Alabama legislature. [198], Mobile is known for having the oldest organized Mardi Gras celebration in the United States, beginning in 1703. ), The foundational document for Alabama's government is the Alabama Constitution, which was ratified in 1901. The state tree is the longleaf pine, and the state flower is the camellia. Since Alabama's tax structure largely depends on consumer spending, it is subject to high variable budget structure. In the 2013 season, Alabama averaged over 100,000 fans per game and Auburn averaged over 80,000—both numbers among the top twenty in the nation. The plans include a $600 million factory at the Brookley Aeroplex for the assembly of the A319, A320 and A321 aircraft. Other members of executive branch include the cabinet, the lieutenant governor of Alabama, the Attorney General of Alabama, the Alabama Secretary of State, the Alabama State Treasurer, and the State Auditor of Alabama. The area of Alabama and Mississippi most affected by tornadoes is sometimes referred to as Dixie Alley, as distinct from the Tornado Alley of the Southern Plains. These are the following. ; You can protect winter plants in Zone 8 with a row cover, just be sure to raise the cover on sunny winter days to avoid overheating plants. [216] Some of its cases have been highly controversial; the Supreme Court has overturned[217] 24 convictions in death penalty cases. The United States Congress created the Alabama Territory on March 3, 1817. [174], The five employers that employed the most employees in Alabama in April 2011 were:[175], The next twenty largest employers, as of 2011[update], included:[176]. [261] The state's other ports are on rivers with access to the Gulf of Mexico. Although snow is a rare event in much of Alabama, areas of the state north of Montgomery may receive a dusting of snow a few times every winter, with an occasional moderately heavy snowfall every few years. The Legislature is responsible for writing, debating, passing, or defeating state legislation. Tree Identification Basics Arboriculture Tree Structure & Physiology The Science Of Growing Trees ... Steve Nix is a natural resources consultant and a former forest resources analyst for the state of Alabama. Wells Fargo has a regional headquarters, an operations center campus, and a $400 million data center in Birmingham. Alabama receives an average of 56 inches (1,400 mm) of rainfall annually and enjoys a lengthy growing season of up to 300 days in the southern part of the state.[95]. License & permit information, season dates, size & creel limits and more. [167], Non-agricultural employment in 2008 was 121,800 in management occupations; 71,750 in business and financial operations; 36,790 in computer-related and mathematical occupation; 44,200 in architecture and engineering; 12,410 in life, physical, and social sciences; 32,260 in community and social services; 12,770 in legal occupations; 116,250 in education, training, and library services; 27,840 in art, design and media occupations; 121,110 in healthcare; 44,750 in fire fighting, law enforcement, and security; 154,040 in food preparation and serving; 76,650 in building and grounds cleaning and maintenance; 53,230 in personal care and services; 244,510 in sales; 338,760 in office and administration support; 20,510 in farming, fishing, and forestry; 120,155 in construction and mining, gas, and oil extraction; 106,280 in installation, maintenance, and repair; 224,110 in production; and 167,160 in transportation and material moving. 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